Bring water to a boil in a large pot.

Add root vegetables or scraps (such as beets and carrots) to the boiling water.

Simmer the root vegetables for approximately 15 minutes to extract their flavors.

Add other vegetables or scraps (such as onions, broccoli, and celery) to the pot.

Continue to simmer for another 10 minutes.

Add leafy greens and herbs/spices to the broth.

Simmer for an additional 10-15 minutes to infuse the flavors.

Remove from heat and allow the broth to cool slightly.

Strain the broth through a fine-mesh sieve or cheesecloth to remove the solids.

Store the strained broth in an airtight container in the refrigerator.