Preheat oven to 350°F (175°C).

In a large bowl, mix together the flour, sugar, baking powder, salt, and baking soda.

Cut in the butter until the mixture resembles coarse crumbs.

Stir in the raisins and caraway seeds.

In a separate bowl, whisk together the buttermilk and egg.

Add the wet ingredients to the dry ingredients and mix until just combined. Do not overmix.

Pour the batter into a greased Dutch oven or 11 3/4-inch skillet.

Bake for 1 hour, or until a toothpick inserted into the center comes out clean.

If baking muffins, bake at 400°F (200°C) for 25 minutes.

Let cool slightly before slicing and serving.